Primary mucinuous adenocarcinoma of the ovary: a case report

Ovarian neoplasms are common tumours in females comprising 23% of all gynecologic tumours and are the most common gynecologic malignancy. Ovarian cancer is primarily a disease of postmenopausal women, the highest number of cases being concentrated in the age group from 50 to 70 years. They are the 5th leading cause of cancer related deaths in women. Primary Mucinuous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary is very rare. Our reported case was 50 years old woman which came in our OPD of Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences with vague symptoms of lower abdominal pain and swelling. The data were collected by history-taking, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, ultrasonographic examination, CECT abdomen, CA 125, and by histo-pathological study of the excised surgical specimen. The case was reported as a rare ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. New and improved screening modalities are required for early diagnosis. And proper diagnostic criteria should be made for better prognosis

Assessment of perimenopausal bleeding

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common presenting complaints encountered in a Gynecologist's office and accounts for almost 10% consultations in any busy out-patient clinic. Perimenopause is defined as the time around menopause during which menstrual cycle and endocrine changes are occurring but 12 months of amenorrhea has not yet occurred. Patients usually present first to their family physicians, who can do most of the diagnostic workup and management.Methods: 200 women of perimenopausal age group with AUB presenting to gynecology OPD and wards of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SAMC & PGI, Indore. The study was conducted from May 2013 to April 2014.Results: In our present study majority (57%) of the women in our study were in the age group 40-45 years and rest were having age more than 46 years. In our present study 52% of the women presented with menorrhagia, 16.5% presented with polymenorrhagia, 11.5% presented with metropathia haemorrhagica, 9% presented with polymenorrhoea, 4.5% presented with metrorrhagia.Conclusions: There are various menstrual irregularities during perimenopausal period, some due to variation in hormones which are physiological some due to pathological changes. Every case of perimenopausal bleeding needs evaluation. Base line investigations should be offered to all the patients. Public awareness programme in the community and yearly physical checkup should be advised to all the patients

Chondroprotective Potential of Fruit Extracts of Phyllanthus emblica in Osteoarthritis

There is a need for effective nutraceuticals for osteoarthritis care. The fruit of Phyllanthus emblica is used as a powerful rejuvenator in Ayurvedic medicine. This study measured the chondroprotective potential of P. emblica (‘Amalaki’) fruits in vitro. We used aqueous extracts of unprocessed P. emblica fruit powder (powder A), and the powder obtained after hot water extraction and drying of powder A (powder B). Chondroprotection was measured in three different assay systems. First, we tested the effects of both fruit powders on the activities of the enzymes hyaluronidase and collagenase type 2. Second, an in vitro model of cartilage degradation was set-up with explant cultures of articular knee cartilage from osteoarthritis patients. Cartilage damage was assayed by measuring glycosaminoglycan release from explants treated with/without P. emblica fruit powders. Aqueous extracts of both fruit powders significantly inhibited the activities of hyaluronidase and collagenase type 2 in vitro. Third, in the explant model of cartilage matrix damage, extracts of glucosamine sulphate and powder B (0.05 mg/ml) exhibited statistically significant, long-term chondroprotective activity in cartilage explants from 50% of the patients tested. This result is important since glucosamine sulphate is the leading nutraceutical for osteoarthritis. Powder A induced a statistically significant, short-term chondroprotective activity in cartilage explants from all of the patients tested. This is the first study to identify and quantitate new chondroprotective activities of P. emblica fruits. These data provide pilot pre-clinical evidence for the use of P. emblica fruits as a chondroprotective agent in osteoarthritis therapy

Assessment of perimenopausal bleeding

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common presenting complaints encountered in a Gynecologist's office and accounts for almost 10% consultations in any busy out-patient clinic. Perimenopause is defined as the time around menopause during which menstrual cycle and endocrine changes are occurring but 12 months of amenorrhea has not yet occurred. Patients usually present first to their family physicians, who can do most of the diagnostic workup and management.Methods: 200 women of perimenopausal age group with AUB presenting to gynecology OPD and wards of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SAMC & PGI, Indore. The study was conducted from May 2013 to April 2014.Results: In our present study majority (57%) of the women in our study were in the age group 40-45 years and rest were having age more than 46 years. In our present study 52% of the women presented with menorrhagia, 16.5% presented with polymenorrhagia, 11.5% presented with metropathia haemorrhagica, 9% presented with polymenorrhoea, 4.5% presented with metrorrhagia.Conclusions: There are various menstrual irregularities during perimenopausal period, some due to variation in hormones which are physiological some due to pathological changes. Every case of perimenopausal bleeding needs evaluation. Base line investigations should be offered to all the patients. Public awareness programme in the community and yearly physical checkup should be advised to all the patients